From
the earliest settlements along the Indus River, the Dravidians and later the Aryans spread
their settlements deep into the sub-continent. Protected by geographic barriers, the
valley inhabitants had limited contact the outside world. Farmers cultivated cotton and
processed it into cloth which became a valuable trade commodity. Their cities were well
planned with shops, granaries, extensive sewerage systems and protective walls. Two major
religions, Buddhism and Hinduism, developed in India and spread throughout Asia. Art
served religion well in India. The artists of the area cut unique Buddhist Temples from
rocky cliffs with facades and interiors intricately carved to imitate the wooden
constructions of the period. From the earliest simple structures to the ornate and
imposing later ones, the Hindu Temples must be appreciated as sculpture as well as
architecture. Their paintings, particularly from the Gupta dynasty, are classed as some of
the finest in history. |